The history of Western arts is reduced largely to history of European arts from the Middle Ages and the classical Greco-Roman arts; and the beginning of arts history with the civilizations that are considered precedents (Egypt and the Middle East). The artistic manifestations of earlier times in Europe and the Mediterranean basin are very different, because although some are very distant in time and have a great cultural distance (prehistoric arts); other non (reclaimed wood wall art).
Less attention has been given arts productions of other civilizations, and even peripheral areas of Western civilization itself (as colonial America), regardless of considerations that may be of importance compared with that of central areas of western civilization . Such orientation is often accused of Eurocentrism by supporters of a global. Although the concept of arts is modern, it is perfectly usable in architecture, sculpture, painting and antique jewelry, and many of its real achievements arts and not mere utilitarian craft products. The formulation of Western classical aesthetics begins with the Greek and Roman cultures.
The Romans played many of Greek architectural schemes, but also introducing new elements such as the arch, as well as new techniques and materials. In Rome, on the other hand, the civil architecture will be even more important.
The arts during the Middle Ages was almost exclusively linked to religion, specifically Christianity. During this period, in which the vast majority of farmers were illiterate, visual arts were the primary means of communicating religious ideas with sermons. The Catholic Church was one of few institutions rich enough to pay for the work of arts, and therefore most of works of this period were religious in nature (conditioning the emergence of what is known as sacred arts).
In European arts, Renaissance Classicism led on two different movements: Mannerism and Baroque. The first, a reaction against the idealist perfection of Classicism, employed distortion of light and space in work in order to emphasize its emotional content and emotions of artist. Baroque arts led representation techniques from the Renaissance to new heights, emphasizing detail and movement inir pursuit of beauty. Perhaps the best known Baroque painters are Rembrandt, Rubens and Velazquez.
The two main architectural styles (mainly related to construction of cathedrals) were the Romanesque and Gothic. The Romanesque is characterized by thick walls and massive structures, just lightened by openings. The Gothic, characterized by buildings of greater height and with a large number of openings, marked the emergence of new building techniques, being able to dispense with thick walls through the use of vaults in which the rib structure is independent from cloths.
In construction of cathedrals is sought to create a "mystical" feeling inside ofm, ie interiors to recreate a "heavenly" atmosphere, an effect that becomes more noticeable in Gothic sought. One thing to note is the appearance of unions in this period, bringing together arts who held a monopoly on practical knowledge of particular branch of production.
As time passed, many arts were demonstrating contrary to ornamentalism of previous styles, and seek to return to prior arts, simpler, Renaissance, forming the style that will be known as Neoclassicism. The neoclassical was the arts component of intellectual movement known as the Enlightenment, which was equally idealistic. Ingres, Canova and Jacques-Louis David are among the best known neoclassical. In architecture theorists will adopt new forms of Roman and Renaissance arts, but defending the rationality and functionality of buildings and discarding the dynamism and ornamental elements that had characterized the previous stage. Another feature of neoclassical architecture is its monumentality, used in order to compare the kingdoms and empires of time with the grandeur of Roman Empire.
Less attention has been given arts productions of other civilizations, and even peripheral areas of Western civilization itself (as colonial America), regardless of considerations that may be of importance compared with that of central areas of western civilization . Such orientation is often accused of Eurocentrism by supporters of a global. Although the concept of arts is modern, it is perfectly usable in architecture, sculpture, painting and antique jewelry, and many of its real achievements arts and not mere utilitarian craft products. The formulation of Western classical aesthetics begins with the Greek and Roman cultures.
The Romans played many of Greek architectural schemes, but also introducing new elements such as the arch, as well as new techniques and materials. In Rome, on the other hand, the civil architecture will be even more important.
The arts during the Middle Ages was almost exclusively linked to religion, specifically Christianity. During this period, in which the vast majority of farmers were illiterate, visual arts were the primary means of communicating religious ideas with sermons. The Catholic Church was one of few institutions rich enough to pay for the work of arts, and therefore most of works of this period were religious in nature (conditioning the emergence of what is known as sacred arts).
In European arts, Renaissance Classicism led on two different movements: Mannerism and Baroque. The first, a reaction against the idealist perfection of Classicism, employed distortion of light and space in work in order to emphasize its emotional content and emotions of artist. Baroque arts led representation techniques from the Renaissance to new heights, emphasizing detail and movement inir pursuit of beauty. Perhaps the best known Baroque painters are Rembrandt, Rubens and Velazquez.
The two main architectural styles (mainly related to construction of cathedrals) were the Romanesque and Gothic. The Romanesque is characterized by thick walls and massive structures, just lightened by openings. The Gothic, characterized by buildings of greater height and with a large number of openings, marked the emergence of new building techniques, being able to dispense with thick walls through the use of vaults in which the rib structure is independent from cloths.
In construction of cathedrals is sought to create a "mystical" feeling inside ofm, ie interiors to recreate a "heavenly" atmosphere, an effect that becomes more noticeable in Gothic sought. One thing to note is the appearance of unions in this period, bringing together arts who held a monopoly on practical knowledge of particular branch of production.
As time passed, many arts were demonstrating contrary to ornamentalism of previous styles, and seek to return to prior arts, simpler, Renaissance, forming the style that will be known as Neoclassicism. The neoclassical was the arts component of intellectual movement known as the Enlightenment, which was equally idealistic. Ingres, Canova and Jacques-Louis David are among the best known neoclassical. In architecture theorists will adopt new forms of Roman and Renaissance arts, but defending the rationality and functionality of buildings and discarding the dynamism and ornamental elements that had characterized the previous stage. Another feature of neoclassical architecture is its monumentality, used in order to compare the kingdoms and empires of time with the grandeur of Roman Empire.
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